Tendon Repair Surgery: When and How It’s Done

Tendon injuries can significantly disrupt mobility, impact daily life, and lead to long-term complications if not treated properly. Whether it’s a torn Achilles tendon, ruptured hand flexors, or damaged rotator cuff tissues, timely and effective tendon repair surgery is often the most reliable route to restore full function. At the European Institute of Plastic Surgery (EIPS), our surgeons provide advanced surgical solutions for tendon reconstruction, customized rehabilitation plans, and expert postoperative care to ensure optimal healing.

What Is Tendon Repair Surgery and When Is It Required?

Tendons are fibrous tissues that connect muscles to bones, facilitating movement and force transfer. Surgery may become necessary when a tendon is torn or ruptured due to injury, overuse, or degenerative conditions. But how do you know when to consider surgery?

In cases where the tendon is completely torn—such as in Achilles ruptures, rotator cuff tears, or flexor tendon injuries in the hand—surgical intervention is typically recommended. Partial tears or inflammation (tendinitis) may initially be managed conservatively, but surgical repair is often the best option when pain persists, function declines, or mobility is compromised.

Chronic conditions such as posterior tibialis dysfunction or thumb extensor injuries are also common causes that require surgical evaluation. Early consultation with a specialist is crucial to avoid long-term disability or muscle atrophy.

Understanding the Tendon Repair Surgery Procedure

Each tendon repair surgery is unique, depending on the location, severity, and function of the affected tendon. At EIPS, procedures are performed using either open surgical techniques or minimally invasive arthroscopy based on the specific condition and complexity of the injury.

Typically, the surgeon makes a small incision or a series of arthroscopic entry points to access the injured site. Then, the surgeon carefully locates the torn tendon ends and reattaches them using sutures. If tendon retraction or significant damage is present, a tendon graft—using either synthetic material or donor tissue—may be necessary.

For hand injuries, such as flexor or extensor tendon tears, surgeons may use specialized instruments to navigate around small joints and ensure precise reattachment. In rotator cuff or biceps injuries, bone anchors are often used to secure the tendon back to the bone, allowing for healing in a stable position.

Pain Management and Anesthesia: What to Expect

A significant concern for many patients is the pain associated with the operation. However, modern surgical protocols and anesthesia techniques greatly reduce discomfort.

Tendon surgeries are typically performed under regional anesthesia (such as a nerve block), general anesthesia, or a combination of both. This ensures patients remain comfortable and pain-free during the procedure. At EIPS, pain management doesn’t stop after surgery—our team provides a detailed postoperative pain relief plan, including prescription medications, ice therapy, and position adjustments to ease discomfort in the first days after surgery.

It’s important to follow your doctor’s advice carefully. Pain is usually most intense in the first 48 hours but gradually improves. Patients are encouraged to communicate any pain levels or unexpected symptoms with their healthcare team for prompt intervention.

The Recovery Process: What Happens After Surgery?

Recovery timelines and protocols vary depending on the location and severity of the injury. In general, early movement is encouraged to prevent joint stiffness, though the surgeon will determine the specific range of motion allowed. In the early weeks, immobilization using a cast, brace, or splint may be required to protect the repaired tendon.

Physical therapy typically begins within the first few weeks after surgery. At EIPS, we collaborate closely with licensed physical therapists to create individualized rehabilitation plans. These include stretching, strengthening, and range-of-motion exercises that support safe healing.

A full return to pre-injury activity levels can take three to six months, and sometimes longer for complex tendon repairs like those involving the rotator cuff or Achilles tendon. Factors such as patient age, overall health, and adherence to therapy influence healing speed.

Different Types of Tendon Injuries and Surgeries

Several common tendon injuries may require surgical repair:

• Achilles Tendon Rupture: Often sports-related, this injury involves a sudden snap or tear at the back of the lower leg. Surgery reattaches the tendon to the heel bone and is often followed by several months of bracing and physical therapy.
  
  
• Flexor and Extensor Tendon Injuries in the Hand: These injuries can severely limit finger and thumb movement. Surgery involves delicate suturing and is usually performed under regional anesthesia.
  
  

Each of these surgeries has its own set of protocols, risks, and recovery milestones, all of which are carefully explained to patients before the operation.

Aftercare and Post-Surgery Tips for Optimal Healing

Post-surgical care is crucial to achieving the best possible results. At EIPS, patients receive clear, personalized instructions to support tendon healing and reduce risks. These include:

• Keeping the surgical site clean and dry in the first few days
  
  
• Elevating the affected limb to reduce swelling
  
  
• Avoiding strenuous activity until cleared by your surgeon
  
  
• Using assistive devices like crutches, slings, or braces if needed
  
  
• Attending all follow-up appointments to monitor tendon integrity
  
  

Patients are also advised to avoid smoking, which can significantly impair tissue healing and increase the risk of complications. Good nutrition, proper hydration, and sleep also contribute to improved outcomes.

How to Prepare and What Questions to Ask

Before undergoing tendon repair surgery, it’s vital to have a thorough consultation with your healthcare provider. Come prepared with questions such as:

• What type of tendon injury do I have?
  
  
• Is surgery the best option for me?
  
  
• What technique will be used during the repair?
  
  
• What should I expect in terms of recovery?
  
  
• Are there alternatives or less invasive procedures available?
  
  

Discuss your medical history, current medications, and any previous surgeries or injuries. Imaging tests like MRI or ultrasound may be used to confirm the diagnosis and plan the operation.

Being informed helps set realistic expectations and increases patient satisfaction. At EIPS, our medical team walks each patient through every step—from diagnosis and treatment to aftercare and recovery.

Conclusion: Making the Right Decision with Expert Guidance

Tendon repair surgery is a powerful solution for restoring movement, reducing pain, and regaining strength after injury. Whether you’re facing a torn Achilles tendon, damaged finger flexors, or shoulder cuff problems, knowing when and how it’s done empowers you to make informed decisions about your health.

At the EIPS, we combine surgical precision with compassionate care to deliver superior outcomes. If you suspect a tendon injury or have been living with limited mobility or chronic pain, now is the time to take the next step.

Contact our expert team today to schedule a consultation and start your journey toward full recovery.